枇杷种子的萌发特性

Germination Character of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L. )Seed

枇杷（EriobotryajaponicaL．）种子成熟采收时含水量高达58．7％，其中子叶和胚轴的含水量分别为55．3％和73.2％。新鲜的种子具有轻度的休眠特性，可能主要是由于种皮的阻碍与抑制作用。低温（10℃以下）和高温（32℃以上）均会抑制种子正常萌发，25℃是其最适萌发温度。外加0．1～0．5mmol／L的GA3能提高种子的发芽率和活力指数，而ABA对种子的萌发有明显的抑制作用。轻度的脱水（含水量下降3％～5％）能较大幅度地提高机把种子的发芽率和活力指数，但随着脱水程度的不断加深，种子活力逐渐降低。当子叶胚轴的合水量分别降至35．5％和28．0％时，种子发芽力完全丧失．

The moisture content of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L. ) seeds reach 58. 7% (55. 3% in cotyledon and 73.2%in embryonic axis) when shedding. 25℃ was thermal optimum for seeds germination. However, the germinationwould be prohibited when the temperature was above 32℃ or below 5℃. The fresh seeds had the low germinationpercentage and vigor index in case of seedcoat, which could be increased by light desiccation (decreased by 3-5%) or by extra gibberellins (GA) (0.1 -0.5 mmol/L) treatment. However. abscisic acid (ABA) would preventthe germination. With more water lost, seed vigor decreased rapidly. The germination ability lost completely whenthe moisture content of cotyledon was 25. 5% (28.0% in embroynic axis ).