丹顶鹤胆囊的显微观察

LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE GALLBLADDER OF GRUS JAPONENSIS

应用光镜及透射电镜观察一例成体雄性丹顶鹤胆囊。结果表明，丹顶鹤胆囊由粘膜、肌层和外膜三部分组成。粘膜上皮高柱状，游离端有密集排列的微绒毛，胞质顶端有许多粘液颗粒，说明上皮细胞具有吸收功能并可分泌粘液。固有层有丰富的血管、淋巴管和细胞成分。肌层为纵、横排列的平滑肌及弹力纤维。外膜为较厚的结缔组织纤维膜。大而不规则，内皮较薄。尚可见散在的淋巴细胞和浆细胞（见图５）。肌层光镜下肌层平滑肌较薄，呈内纵外环形排列（见图２）。电镜观察，平滑肌细胞胞质内含有丰富的微丝，密体密斑清楚（见图６），核周可见丰富的小圆形线粒体。肌束间有弹性纤维和淋巴细胞等。外膜光镜下外膜为较厚的结缔组织纤维膜，内含丰富的血管、淋巴管及神经丛。电镜下外膜表面为扁平上皮。结缔组织内有丰富的成纤维细胞、胶原纤维，血管内可见大量有核红细胞。３结论丹顶鹤胆囊组织结构和其它哺乳动物胆囊组织结构一样，亦可由粘膜，肌层和外膜三层结构组成［３～４］。粘膜有许多高而分支的皱襞，这些皱襞在胆囊收缩时高大而明显，而有胆囊扩张时消失。粘膜上皮为单层柱状，上皮表面有密集排列的微绒毛，这些微绒毛扩大了细胞表面积并参与细胞的吸收。上皮细胞细胞器以粗面内质网、高尔基复合体和线粒?

The gallbladder of Grus japonensis was observed by light and electron microscopy.The results showed that the structure of the gallbladder was similar to those of human being and other mammalians,consisting of mucosa,muscles layer and adventitia.Epithelium of mucosa is high column with abundant microvilli and mucous granules.There were a number of blood vessels,lymphatics and cells in the proper layer.The muscle layer consists of smooth muscles and elastic fibers.The adventitia of the gallbladder is made up of thick connective tissue.