户用沼气产气量估算及能源经济效益

Estimation of biogas production and effect of biogas construction on energy economy

该文利用能值潜力估算动物数据库(ABEPE)的模型理念,并结合实地调查数据,探索了2007年中国农村户用沼气池产气量的估算方法,在此基础上对比分析了沼气池建设前后,农户家庭能源消费结构、能源经济支出和生态环境的差异。结果显示:2007年中国农村户用沼气的年均产气量达到450m3,年均正常产气时间仅为9个月;生猪的饲养规模与产气量呈极显著的正相关关系;沼气农户与无沼气农户人均能耗差异显著,沼气在家庭生活能源消费的比例达到18%,提供了40%的人均有效热,替代了15%左右的商品能源;使用沼气后,人均能耗折合标煤419.56kg,比使用前下降了16%左右,节省能源开支2%;通过使用沼气,农户可创造559～938元的经济价值,节约林地0.314hm2。由此可见,发展沼气具有显著的能源、经济、生态效益。

Animals data base for energy potential estimation（ABEPE） model and farmer survey data were used in this study to investigate the estimation of Chinese rural household biogas production. On this basis,the biogas yield,family energy consumption,economic profit,and environment profit were compared between biogas household and non biogas household. The results showed that the average biogas yield of Chinese rural household was 450 m^3,under 9 months normal working period annually. There was a very significantly positive correlation between size of pigs and biogas yield. Energy consumption per capita was significantly different between biogas farmers and no-biogas farmers. Biogas contributed 18% to household energy consumption,but provided 40% effective heat per capita. The employed biogas digester substituted 15% of the commercial energy used in rural household,especially coal. With biogas facility,energy consumption per capita was only 419.56 kg of standard coal equivalent,which was 16% lower than non-biogas family,and could decrease the total energy payment by 2%. 559-938 yuan would be created from biogas facility annually,and 0.314 hm2 woodland could be protected after biogas used. So,great profit can be got from energy saving and less commercial energy consumption when biogas facility is used.