摘要
皮克林从高能物理学史个案研究,提出科学发展中的"共生"与"机会主义"两个重要概念:宏观上看,实验传统与理论传统呈现相互加强、共同促进的"共生"现象;微观上看,个体科学家处于特定的历史情景中——特有的文化资源、熟悉的研究传统、偶然出现的新生长点等。他(她)若能抓住机遇,利用自身特有的资源投入到新的研究传统中,则能实现认识的转换。范式的转换并不像库恩的"格式塔"式的神秘性,也没有危机与混乱,而是自然平滑地实现。
Based on case study of HEP,Pickering proposed two important concepts： symbiosis and opportunism.From the macro viewpoint,experiment traditions and theory traditions reinforce each other.From the micro viewpoint,the individual scientist is situated in specific context in history with its particular cultural resources,research traditions he or she is familiar with,and the new growth point occasionally emerging.If he or she seizes a good opportunity,makes full use of his or her special resources,and plunges into the new research tradition,then the paradigm shift will be realized.The shift takes place smoothly without crisis or chaos or mysteries as in Thomas S.Ku-hn’s Gestalt Switch.
出处
《科学技术哲学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期13-17,共5页
Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology
关键词
研究传统
共生论
机会主义
research tradition
symbiosis
opportunism
