摘要
利用ＲＡＰＤ技术结合聚类分析，研究了龙眼（ＤｉｍｏｃａｒｐｕｓｌｏｎｇａｎＬｏｕｒ．）３５个样品的分类和亲缘关系。结果表明：“荔枝本”和“荔枝龙眼”两个品种是荔枝（ＬｉｔｃｈｉｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＳｏｎｎ．）和龙眼天然杂交种的可能性很小；“荔枝本”、“南湖焦核”等品种为变异较大的龙眼突变品种；“焦核龙眼”品种基因组间差异较大；“东壁”龙眼可能有同名异品种现象；“红核子”等实生栽培品种可能有一定的基因突变。龙眼品种拟分为６个类，其中“水涨”、“乌龙岭”、“油潭本”等１２个品种多为核大皮厚的宜制干的品种，可以归类为水涨乌龙岭类；“赤壳”、“福眼”、“蕉眼”、“处暑本”为代表的１１个品种可以划归为赤壳处暑本类；东壁系列品种分类为东壁类；“立冬本”、“南湖焦核”、“荔枝本”品种与上述品种差异较大，暂分别独立分为各自相应的类。
The classification and relationship among 35 samples of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) have been studied by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and statistical cluster analysis. These results showed that it was unlikely possible that “Lizhiben” and “Lizhi Longyan” were hybrid progeny of longan and litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) as what some people believe. The “Lizhiben”, and “Nanhu Jiaohe” were highly mutant varieties. There were some variance among the “Jiaohe” wilted nut longan cultivars. Different cultivars given the same name, such as “Dongbi”, “Honghezi” and some other cultivar, were also possible. It was concluded that longan cultivars which have been tested in this research could be classified into 6 groups. The first group, including 12 cultivars such as “Shuizhang”, “Youtanben”, “Wulongling” etc., which were the well known best cultivars appropriate for producing dry longan, was named as Shuizhang Wulongling group. The second group, including 11 cultivars like “Chike”, “Jiaoyan”, “Fuyan”, “Chushuben” etc., was named as Chike Chushuben group. The Dongbi series cultivars were named after their cultivars as the Dongbi group. The special cultivars, “Lidongben”, “Nanhu Jiaohe” and “Lizhiben” were named respectively as Lidongben group, Nanhu Jiaohe group, and Lizhiben group, because of their more characteristic DNA polymorphism tested in all respective cultivars. The results indicate that the application of RAPD technique in the taxonomic study has gained some resolution which could not be obtained by morphological analysis and has provided available data for developing longan production and for breeding new longan cultivars.
基金
福建省重点学科建设基金
