微血管铸型的扫描电镜观察

SEM OBSERVATION OF THE MICROVASCULATURE CASTS

用扫描电镜观察了ＡＢＳ丁酮溶液灌注的鼠兔输卵管微血管、家鸽小肠绒毛微血管和丽斑麻蜥肺微血管构筑情况。结果表明：（１）鼠兔输卵管的血液来自生殖动脉的２～４输卵管支。输卵管支进入管壁后，即在管壁内分支形成三个血管层。浆膜层血管呈网络状，肌层血管丛呈平行树枝状分布，粘膜血管层呈致密的网状。后者在伞部的密度明显高于近子宫端处。管壁内静脉较少弯曲，与动脉的伴行关系不如系膜内明显。微动脉铸型表面有环形纹理及内皮细胞核压迹，微静脉铸型表面则较光滑，无环形纹理，但有内皮细胞核压迹。（２）家鸽小肠绒毛血管丛由输入小动脉，毛细血管网和输出小静脉组成。绒毛毛细血管丰富，并相互吻合成单层密集网。输入小动脉既可从肠腺周围血管丛发出，也可直接由粘膜下动脉丛发出。绒毛下部血管表现为微直血管形态，可能部分具有门静脉性质。（３）丽斑麻蜥肺壁内面有许多网状隔膜和次级隔膜及肺泡隔将其分隔成大量的小室、亚小室及肺泡。在网状隔膜，次级隔膜、肺泡隔及肺泡壁上均有丰富的毛细血管，且相互吻合成单层密集网。在微动脉血管铸型上未显示环行平滑肌细胞的压迹，可显示有内皮细胞核的压迹。

The microvasculature of Ochotona daurica, pigeon small intestinal villi and Eremias argus peters lung injected with solution of ABS in butanone was studied under scanning electron microscope. 1 The blood supply of Ochotona daurica came from 2～4 tubal branches of ovarian artery. The tubal branches entered the wall of oviduct and divided into three layers: the subserosal vascular plexus which appeared tortuous and formed reticulate anastomosis, a paralled branching vasculature in the muscle coat and the subepithelial capillary network. Subepithelial capillary density in the fimbriae was markedly higher than that in the isthmus and uterine part. Intrinsic venules of oviduct were less tortuous and less closely accompanied with arterioles. In mesoviduct, veins were closely accompanied with the corresponding arteries. There were obvious imprints of smooth muscles and endothelial nuclei on the surface of the casts of arteriole. There were no imprints of smooth muscles on the surface of the casts of veins, but there were imprints of endothelial nuclei. 2 The vascular plexus of the pigeon small intestinal villi consisted of afferent mini artery, capillary network and efferent mini vein. Pigeon is rich in intestinal villi capillary. They anastomosed to a single layer of dense network with each other. The afferent miniartery derived either from the capillary network surrounding the intestinal glands or from the submucosal artery directly. The vascular plexus at the lower part of the villi had the characteristics of recti mini vessels and protal vessels. 3 The inside wall of Eremia argus peters lung consisted of many reticular septa, secondary septa and alveolar septa so that it was separated to a lot of small rooms, subordinate rooms and pulmonary alveoli. In the reticular septa, secondary septa and alveolar septa and pulmonary alveoli there were plenty of capillaries. They anastomosed to a network with each other. There were no obvious imprints of smooth muscles on the surface of the casts of arteriole and terminal arteriole, but there were obvious imprints of endothelial nuclei.