“黄金茶”特异种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系的ISSR分析

Genetic Diversity and Relationship of Tea Germplasm Resources ‘Huangjincha’ (Camellia sinensis) Revealed by ISSR Markers

利用ISSR分子标记对珍稀地方种质资源＂黄金茶＂的110个株系进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系分析。从100条ISSR引物中筛选出18条多态性高、重复性好的引物,分别对供试材料的基因组进行扩增,共获得205条清晰可辨的谱带,其中多态性带187条,多态性比率达91.22%,反映了黄金茶群体基因组DNA多态性较高。110个黄金茶株系的平均有效等位基因数为1.51,平均Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.30,平均Shannon信息指数为0.45,说明黄金茶群体的遗传多样性较高。110个黄金茶株系间的Jaccard相似系数在0.22-1.00之间,平均值为0.55。根据相似系数平均值,用UPGMA法将供试的110个株系分成七大类群,并绘制ISSR聚类树状图,揭示了黄金茶群体各株系之间的亲缘关系。该研究为今后加强对黄金茶特异种质资源的保护和利用、优良品种的选育及杂交亲本的选配等从分子水平上提供了一定的参考依据。

Genetic diversity and relationship of 110 strains from ‘Huangjincha’ population were analyzed by inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. A total of 205 bands were detected by using 18 ISSR primers, of which 187 were polymorphic, and the total percentage of polymorphic bands was 91.22%. Results showed that abundant diversities existed among tea strains studied. The average value of effective number of alleles, Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index of 110 tea trains were 1.51, 0.30, 0.45 respectively, which indicated that the genetic diversity of ‘Huangjincha’ population was relatively high. The Jaccard similarity coefficient of 110 tea strains ranged from 0.22 to 1.00, and the average value was 0.55. Total of 110 tea strains were divided into seven groups by UPGMA according to the average value of similarity coefficient, and ISSR dendrogram was established,which revealed the genetic relationship between different strains. All the results offer us some supports from molecular level to protect ‘Huangjincha’ population, select fine varieties and crossing parents from them, etc.