艺术化生存的淡化与侗族歌师的精神皈依——侗歌艺术传承研究系列(七)

The survival of art and regain the spirit of the singing masters Dong song Field of the immediate transmission of existence

在社会转型期,侗族社会以歌唱为重要乐生手段的艺术化生存方式发生了日趋淡化的变化,因而,侗歌艺术传承场域如何实现现代性转型,有侗歌"活态"仓库之称的歌师为此担当着重任。然而,当下传统型歌师、民间新型歌师、学者型歌师等类型歌师的概念内涵、外延已发生了变化,歌师日常生活状态由于文化市场化操作、利益最大化等诱因的影响亦悄然发生了改变,侗歌艺术传承场域模式也发生了颇具现代性特征的衍化。因此,呼吁传统型、民间新型、学者型等类型歌师重拾歌师精神,皈依侗歌"养心"论的经典性和神圣性,即提请"最受人尊重的歌师"①如何实现"专注于以歌‘养心’②"的歌师精神的崇高性、神圣性和价值归位,为转型期侗歌艺术传承场域的健康发展继续发挥主体性作用,这乃是一个关乎"祛魅"与"复魅"③的抉择性的问题及具有现代性启示意义的话题。

In the period of transition, the artistic survive style which singing as a meaning of entertain- ment in the Dong community has increasingly desalted. Therefore, the singing masters called the ＂living state＂ warehouse of the Dong song assume important responsibilities on how to realize the modem transformation of the Dong song artistic heritage field. However, the concept and extention of the traditional, folk new, scholarly and other types of singers has already changed as well as the state of singers＇ daily life as the result of the cultural market - based operations and benefit maximzation and other incentives and the evolution of the artistic heritage field with a fairly modem pattern. Thus it continue to play a leading role in the heathy development of the Dong song＇ s artistic heritage field in the transition period that calling upon the traditional, folk new, scholarly and other types of singers to regain the spirit of the singers to convert to the classics and sanctity of the Dong song＇ s ＂Raising Heart＂, that is to draw ＂the most respected singer＂ to focus on the loftiness, sanctity and value homing of the singers＇ spirit of ＂Raising Heart＂ . This is regarded as the topic eontainds meanings of modernity related the choice ＂disenchantment＂ and ＂re - enchantment＂ .