中苏同盟条约后期谈判的情况及结果--写在《中苏友好同盟互助条约》签订60周年之际

The Late-Negotiation of Sino-Soviet Alliance Treaty and Its Results——In the 60th Anniversary of the "Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,Alliance and Mutual Assistance"

到1950年1月底,中苏关于同盟条约以及中长路、旅顺口和大连港协定的谈判基本结束,其结果都是斯大林被迫作出让步。在此期间,特别是此后的谈判中,苏方的态度发生了较大变化,希望能够在一些具体问题上弥补其"损失"。这主要表现在双方有关苏军使用中长路、补充协定、股份公司、专家待遇和汇率等问题上。尽管中方在后期谈判中作出妥协,斯大林还是在中苏外交谈判之外作出了一项重大决定,其后果很可能使中苏条约成为一纸空文。

By the end of Jan 1950, the negotiation regarding Sino-Soviet Treaty of Alliance and agreements of Chinese Changchun Railway, Port Lushun and Port Dalian came to basic conclusions, which all resulted in Stalin＇s being forced to make concessions. During this period, especially in the late-stage negotiations, Soviet＇s attitudes changed greatly in the hope of making up of their losses on some specific issues. This was mainly reflected in the following fields including Soviet army＇s using Chinese Changchun Railway, the supplementary agreement, the joint-stock companies, experts＇ treatment and exchange rates etc. Although Chinese side makes compromises in the late-stage negotiations, Stalin still made a major decision besides the Sino-Soviet diplomatic negotiations, which probably led the Sino-Soviet treaty to empty words.