复杂山区静校正方法研究及效果

Study of static correction methods in complex mountainous region and their effects

对于山区地震勘探，开展静校正研究是资料处理的主要问题之一。静校正精度与剖面质量密切相关，准确的静校正取决于合理的方法和正确的应用。本文在分析了复杂山区特点以及静校正难点的基础上，指出要解决好山区静校正，仅限于普通的方法是远远不够的，必须从四个关键点人手，即风化层延迟时的求取、基准面的确定、校正速度的研究以及表层模型的建立等。本文对上述问题的研究做了介绍，展示了合成延迟时法十等效速度模型反演十变速浮动基准面（地震参考面）静校正等综合技术在太行山区（山西沁源、大寨）、伊J；1丘陵山区等复杂地表区应用的例子。显著的处理效果表明，严重的山区静校正问题得到了较好的解决，满足了地下构造的叠加成像，提高了勘探精度及其整体效果。

The study of static correction is one of chief issues for data processing in seismic exploration in mountainous region. The section quality is closely related to the static correction precision. The accurate static correction depends on reasonable methods and their proper application. On the basis of an analysis of the complex mountainous region feature and the static correction difficulty,it is pointed out that in order to solve the static correction problem, the ordinary methods are insufficient very much and we must begin with the following four key points: calculation of the weathering layer delay time, determination of the datum plane, study of the correction velocity,and building of the superficial model. The above problems are researched in the paper. Finally revealed are the comprehensive techniques such as the synthetic delay time method, the equivalent velocity model inversion and the varlable-velocity floatlng-datum static correction with application in the Taihang and the Yichuan complex mountainous regions. The obvious processing result shows that the serious static correction problem has been well solved, which meets the need of subsurface structures imaging and improves the exploration precision and the whole effect.