基于超精细结构下的激光光泵铯磁力仪的理论研究

Laser Pumping Cs Atom High-Resolution Magnetometer of Theory Research Based on Hyperfine Structure

激光光泵碱金属磁力仪具有很高的灵敏度,测量范围可以从地球磁场到生物磁场。给出了铯(Cs)光泵磁力仪的理论分析和系统设计以及磁场梯度测量原理,铯原子能级在1-J耦合时形成超精细结构,在外磁场的作用下超精细结构进一步产生塞曼分裂形成塞曼子能级,利用激光泵浦和射频磁场能够使电子在超精细结构中进行能级跃迁,产生光磁双共振的结果,最终通过共振频率就能够达到精确测量外磁场的目的。

Laser pumping magnetometers using alkali vapors as sensing medium can reach very high sensitivities in magnetic fields covering the range from the earth magnetic field to biological magnetic fields. In this paper, the theoretical analysis and system design of laser pumping cesium magnetometer, cesium atomic energy level formed hyperfine structure with the I-J coupling are discussed. The hyperfine structure is further split into Zeeman sublevels for the effects of magnetic field. The electrons transition is made by using laser pumping and RF magnetic field in the hyperfine structure. The results of magneto-optical double resonance is obtained. The accurate value of the external magnetic field could be measured by the resonant frequency.