基于BWAS的无线传感器网络静态分簇路由算法

Static Clustering Routing Algorithm Based on Best-Worst Ant System for Wireless Sensor Networks

为提高路径搜索效率,避免动态分簇较多的能量消耗,提出了基于最优-最差蚂蚁系统(BWAS)的无线传感器网络静态分簇路由算法。BWAS是对蚁群算法的改进,在路径搜寻过程中评价出最优最差蚂蚁,引入奖惩机制,加快了路径搜索速度。通过无线传感器网络静态分簇、簇内动态选举簇头,在簇头节点间运用BWAS算法搜寻从簇头节点到汇聚节点的多跳最优路径,能减少路径寻优能量消耗,实现均衡能量管理,延长网络寿命,且具有较强的鲁棒性。通过与基于BWAS的动态分簇和基于蚁群算法的动态分簇路由的仿真实验相比较,证实了本算法的有效性。

In order to improve the efficiency of path searching and avoid the more energy consumption in dynamic clustering style, a new BWAS （best - worst ant system） - based static clustering routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks（WSNs） is presented in this paper. The BWAS algorithm improves the ant colony algorithm by evaluating the best and worst ants during the path searching process. As a result it has speeded up the path searching due to introducing the reward - punishment mechanism to guide the search. Through the static clustering in the beginning and later dynamic electing cluster heads in each cluster in WSNs, using BWAS- based method to find the optimal multi - hop path from clusterhead nodes to sink node, the energy consumption can be reduced and balanced. It also can extend the service life and has strong robustness. Comparison with the dynamic clustering style and ant colony - based style confirms the effectiveness of the algorithm.