试谈岩溶石漠化地区植树造林构想——爆破造隙蓄水凿岩挖坑培土植树造林法

On conception of tree planting in karst rocky desertification area——Methods for tree planting by storing water in fracture made by blasting,excavating hole in bedrock

依据岩溶石山区环境地质和水文地质等特征,结合贵州凯里在白云岩极浅覆盖区挖坑植树造林的成功事例,笔者首次提出了爆破造隙蓄水凿岩挖坑培土植树造林的构想,即先钻孔打眼装药爆破,将岩体适当震松,然后凿岩挖坑培土植树,利用爆破漏斗的囊状裂隙空间构建局部地下水仓,并依靠裂隙水毛细管作用向上供水和植物根系向下生长吸取地下水及水中的有效元素养分等,使种植的树木长期得到滋养而易于成活成林成材。该法简单易行,在岩溶石山区以及其它地层岩石区广泛使用,可望达到较快恢复生态环境的预期效果。

According to the environmental geology and hydro-geological features in karst region, and combining the successful example that digging and planting trees in the shallow dolomite covered areas in Kaili, Guizhou, the author proposed for the first time the idea of tree planting by storing water in fracture made by blasting, excavating hole in bedrock. That is, loosening the rock mass by blasting firstly, then plant trees in the hole by drilling rock and earth up the trees, and using the blasting cystiform gap space to create local groundwater sump to feed water upwards depending on capillary action. And then, the plant roots can grow downward to absorb groundwater and effective nutrient elements, which enable the trees easily being nourished over a long period of time and growing into useful timber even woods. This method is easy to implement, which can be widely used in karst area and other rocky areas. By doing this, expected results of quickly eco-environmental restoration could be achieved.