浅析洞穴事故救援影响因素及处置措施

Analysis on the influencing factors and disposing measures for cave accident relief

通过对常见类型洞穴环境进行分析,初步总结了洞穴温湿度、洞口环境、洞穴形态结构和洞穴生物对救援产生的影响,进而论述了救援人员在洞穴事故救助处置中一般所需要做的基本器材准备、针对性训练、现场侦察、实时指挥、后援保障等各项工作;同时针对洞穴事故这类特殊救援,结合今年新修订的《消防法》中对消防部队职能的确定,提出了建立以公安消防部队为主,具有山地救援能力的单位和民间山地救援力量为辅的政府山地应急救援体系的必要性和可行性。

This paper summarize initially the influence of the factors, concerning cave temperature, humidity, surrounding, formation, structure and biology, upon cave accident assistance, by analyzing the caves environment of common types, and presents the necessary works for cave accident assistance, including basic equipment preparation, well-directed training, scene investigation, real-time command and backup support. Meanwhile, in view of the special for cave accident assistance and the function of fire-fight brigade determined by the revised Fire Service Law in this year, the paper propose the necessity and feasibility for built a government mountain emergency rescue system which is composed principally of fire-fight brigade and supplemented by the units having the ability of accident assistance and the nongovernmental relief for mountain emergency.