麻疹流行特征及预防控制策略的探讨

Study on Epidemical Feature of Measles and Strategies for its controlling

目的通过近年来昆山市麻疹发病情况,分析麻疹发病的流行特征,探讨控制与消除麻疹的对策。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对2005～2008年市麻疹发病情况进行流行病学特征分析,找出流行规律。结果麻疹发病以婴幼儿和成人麻疹为主,1岁组以下和15周岁以上人群麻疹发病分别占27.58%和58.97%。结论要关注低龄婴儿和成人麻疹发病,调整免疫策略,将麻疹疫苗初免月龄从8月龄提前到6月龄进行,并对高危成人接种麻疹疫苗或麻腮风疫苗。

Objective To know the incidence and epidemical feature of measles and to provide scientific bases for establishing prevention and control policy.Methods The epidemic situation of measles from 2005 to 2008 in Kunshan was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method.Results The primary people who infect measles were infants（under 1 year） and adults（above 15 years）,among which the percentage were 27.58% and 58.97%.Conclusion We should pay more attention to the infants（under 1 year） and adults（above 15 years）in measles controlling,and adjust the immune stragtegies.The ages of first vaccination of MV should be changed from 8 months to 6 months old,and give MV or MMR for high-risk adults.