科举制对台湾社会的影响

The Influence of the Imperial Examination System on Taiwan Society

科举制是中国历史上延续最久、影响最大的文官任用考试制度。尽管科举制有许多弊病,但却提供了底层社会精英经由读书进入官场的机会,在一定程度上扩大了封建王朝的统治基础,破除了原由豪门士族把持国家政权的局面,这对中国历代政治、经济、文化、教育与社会风气,产生了久远的影响。科举制是中华政治文化中重要的一环,曾对人类政治文明的演进做出过重要贡献。科举制直接催生了不论门第的士大夫阶级的形成,间接衍生了台湾自清朝中叶进入文治阶段。在现代社会,科举精神仍在一定程度上影响着台湾社会的发展。

Although it had a lot of disadvantages, as an examination and appointment system of civil servants with the longest history and the most influence, the imperial examination system provided opportunity that the grass-roots elite entered the officialdom by examination, to a certain extent, enlarged the ruling foundation of feudal dynasties, put an end to the state that aristocratic families seized state power and had a far-reaching influence on Chinese politics, economy, culture, education and social conventions. As an important part of Chinese traditionally political culture, the imperial examination system made important contributions to the evolution of human political civilization. It gave directly birth to a new class of scholar-bureaucrat who is regardless of his parentage and brought indirectly Taiwan into the stage of civilian rule since the middle of the Qing dynasty. In modem society, the spirit of the imperial examination system has, to a certain extent, an influence on the development of Taiwan society. This paper discusses mainly the influence of the imperial examination system after Zheng Yongxi passed the imperial examination on Taiwan society at that time and after that time.