慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠模型的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Chronic Renal Failure of Rat Models

目的：比较3／4肾切除，5／6肾切除，腺嘌呤灌胃，单侧肾上、下极结扎，单侧肾上、下极结扎并外侧冷冻5种慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）模型的稳定性。方法：SD大鼠随机分为正常组和模型Ⅰ（腺嘌呤）组，模型Ⅱ（3／4肾切除）组，模型Ⅲ（5／6肾切除）组，模型Ⅳ（单侧肾上、下极结扎）组？模型Ⅴ（单侧肾上、下极结扎并外侧冷冻）组。造模4、8周后，观察大鼠一般状况、体重变化、死亡情况、血清尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Cr）变化。结果：1．各模型组大鼠体重正常组明显下降（P〈0．05）；2．造模4、8周后，各模型组大鼠血清BUN、Cr水平明显高于正常组（P〈0．01）；3．造模4～8周，模型Ⅲ组比较模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组大鼠死亡率明显降低。结论：与其他4种CRF造模方法比较，5／6肾切除是一种比较稳定而且理想的CRF动物模型。

Objective: To Compare the stability of five kinds of chronic renal failure(CRF) models,i.e,3/4 nephrectomy,5/6 nephrectomy,adenine gavage,unilateral kidney,lower pole ligation,unilateral kidney,lower pole ligation with outside frozen.Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and model I,(adenine) group,modelⅡ(3/4 nephrectomy) group,model Ⅲ(5/6 nephrectomy),model Ⅳ(unilateral kidney,the lower pole ligation) group,model Ⅴ(unilateral kidney,the lower pole ligation and lateral frozen) group.After making the models in 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the general conditions,weight changes,rat death,serum urea nitrogen(BUN),and creatinine(Cr) changes of the rats were observed.Results: A.the weights of each group obviously reduced compared with the normal group(P<0.05).B.After making the models in 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the levels of serum BUM and Cr of each group were obviously higher than that of the normal group(P<0.01).C.After making the models in 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the death rate of the model III was lower than that of the model I,II,IV and V.Conclusion: Compared with the other 4 models,5/6 nephrectomy is a steady and ideal CRF animal model.