新疆不同民族大学生恒牙先天缺失的调查

Survey and investigation on oligodontia of permanent teeth in college students with different nations in Xinjiang

目的:调查新疆不同民族青年人恒牙先天缺失疾病的现况。方法:2008年9月至2009年5月对新疆高校学生共5150名采取随机、分层、整群抽样的方法进行恒牙发育异常情况的调查。对总体及维、汉、哈族之间先天缺牙疾病进行患病率、颌位情况、缺牙数目、好发牙位及同时伴发2种牙齿发育异常的情况进行卡方检验。结果:恒牙先天缺失的总患病率为5.98%,汉族患病率高于维族(P<0.05),维族男性患病率低于女性(P<0.05)。总体及汉族缺牙数目下颌多于上颌(P<0.05),好发牙位为下颌中切牙;总体及三民族均以缺失1颗牙者最多见,且锥形牙与先天缺牙伴发的比率高。结论:恒牙先天缺失的总患病率略低于其他学者的研究、民族间患病率有差异,汉族高于维吾尔族。性别差异、颌位情况、缺牙数目、好发牙位及伴发情况与其他学者的研究基本一致。

Objective： To investigate the status of oligedontia in permanent teeth of the youths with different nations in Xinjiang. Methods： A survey of odontodysplasia in permanent teeth was carried out in 5150 college students in Xinjiang with the methods of random, stratified, cluster sampling from september 2008 to may 2009. Chi -square test was used to analyze the prevalence rate, the status of maxillomandibular and associated, number of missing, location predilection between the population, Han, Uygur and Kazakh. Results： The overall prevalence of oligodontia was 5.99%, Han was higher than Uygur（ P 〈0.05）, female was higher than male in Uygur（ P 〈 0. 05）. mandible was more than maxilla in the number of missing teeth in the population and Han （P 〈 0. 05） , location predilection was the mandibular central incisor. It is more that the population and three nations missed 1 tooth and a high rate of cone - shaped teeth associated with congenitally missing teeth . Conclusion： The overall prevalence of oligodontia is little lower than the other researchers＇ reports. There is difference between the nations in which Han is higher than the Uygur. The other results in gender difference, jaw relation, hypodontia number, location predilection and concomitant symptom are similar to other investigations.