孟子诗学述论

On Mencius' Poetics

孟子所处的战国时期,卿大夫赋诗言志已经消歇,更加注重对《诗经》意义的探讨。孟子为了宣扬他心中的王道和儒家思想,不仅强调《诗经》的历史价值和政治作用,并且提出了"知人论世"、"以意逆志"等诗学理论,对后人理解文学作品具有很大的启发作用。在游说诸侯的过程中,孟子以《诗》证史,为自己的仁政学说提供让人信服的依据,《诗经》在孟子的手中成为了证成己说的权威文献根据。

During the Warring States Period, the aspiration of officials was expressed more through discussing the meaning of Book of Songs instead of chanting songs. To advocate the kingcraft and Confucianism in his mind, Mencius not only highlighted the historical and political value of Book of Songs but also put forward theories of ＂knowing people with their times background＂ and ＂seeking mind in the meaning of works＂ etc, which has made a contribution in inspiriting later generations to understand literary works. In the process of canvassing leuds, Meneius provided convincing proof of his benevolence policy by using Book of Songs to prove history. Book of Songs has turned into an authoritative literature reference via Mencius.