三级甲等精神病医院护士职业紧张与工作满意度调查

Surveys of occupational stress and job satisfaction in psychiatric nurses at 3 A-level mental hospital

目的探讨精神病专科医院护士职业紧张和工作满意度状况，为制定医务人员健康保护措施提供依据。方法对191名三级甲等精神病专科医院护士（护士组）和72名非卫生部门脑力劳动者（对照组）采用职业紧张量表和工作满意度量表进行测评分析。结果护士组职业紧张量表的职业任务、任务过重、任务不适、责任感、心理紧张反应、自我保健因子分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05或0．01）；男性护士的职业任务、责任感因子分均显著高于女性护士（P〈0．01），心理紧张反应因子分显著低于女性护士（P〈0．01）。护士各项工作满意度评分均较低，其中男护士专业发展机会、专业地位、决策、享受工作、护理工作因子分显著低于女护士（P〈0．01）；精神科护士人际关系满意度较高，收入情况、享受工作、专业地位满意度较低。结论三级甲等精神病专科医院护士存在明显职业紧张和紧张反应，男女护士职业紧张源不同；护士对收入情况、享受工作、专业地位满意度较低，男女护士在工作满意度源方面存在差异。

Objective To explore nuses＇ occupational stress and job satisfaction in psychiatric hospital in order to provide basis for enacting health conserving strategies for medical staff. Methods Assessments and analyses were conducted with the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition（OSI-R ） and the Nurses＇ Job Satisfaction Scale（NJSS） in 191 nurses （nurse group） at 3 A-level psychiatric hospital and 72 brain workers from non-medical sections （control group）. Results Such factors＇ scores as occupation role, role overload, role insufficiency, resposibility, psychological tension, self care were significantly higher in the nurse than in the control group（ P 〈0.05 or 0.01） ; the scores of occupation role and responsibility were significantly higher（ P〈0.01） and psychological tension significantly lower（ P 〈0.01） in male than in female nurses . The scores of nurses＇satisfaction at all roles were lower, such factore＇ scores as profession development and position, decision making, enjoying work, nursing services were significantly lower in the male than in the female nurses（ P 〈0.01） ; the scores of psychiatric nurses＇ satisfaction at interpersonal relationship were higher and those of income, enjoying work and profession position lower. Conclusion Nurses 3 A-level mental hospital have obvious occupation stress and stress response, there are significant differences in stressors between female and male nurses; nurses have lower satisfaction at income, enjoying work and professional position, there are differences in satisfaction sources between female and male nurses