论曹雪芹的美学追求

Cao Xueqin's Pursuit of Aesthetics

艺术作品是艺术家美学理想的体现,曹雪芹美学思想的核心在于一个"真"字。这里的"真",包含有三层意义:首先是指生活原型之真,亦指作者的生活经验之真;其次,是人物形象之真与艺术效果之真;复次,表现为作者主观的情真意切,而并不以摹写的酷似逼真为至高的境界与终极目的。正是"真"字文章,打破了18世纪普遍存在于西方文艺界机械反映论的框框,也造成了《红楼梦》对以往中国古典小说的超越,从而奠定了其在中国文学史与世界文学史上的崇高地位。

A literary work is the reflection of the writer＇ s aesthetic pursuit. Cao Xue＇ s aesthetic idea lies essentially in the concept of ＂reality＂ which includes meanings as follows ： the first is the reality of the life prototype or his life experience; the second is the reality of the characters and the art performance; the third is the writer＇ s real feeling in the writing but not the sameness as reality of the description. Exactly by the concept of reality, the novel of A Dream of Red Mansions breaks through the restriction of mechanical reflection theory popularly existed in the art field of western countries in the 18th century and surpasses the previous ancient Chinese novels, by which lays its lofty position both in the Chinese literary history and world literary history.