周边大国在交叉承认韩朝问题上的博弈

Game of Boundary Powers on the Cross Recognition Issue of Two Koreas

20世纪70年代,美国为了摆脱越南战争的泥潭以及由此带来的与苏联对抗中处于下风的不利局面,开始全球性战略收缩。在东北亚地区,美国抛出了旨在减轻美国对日、韩战略负担的交叉承认方案,其核心是谋求在朝鲜半岛制造南北朝鲜被由美日韩构成的"南三角"和由中朝苏组成的"北三角"分别承认的局面。交叉承认的本质是在冷战时代背景下的国家集团间外交。依据国际形势的发展变化以及各当事国对朝韩两国态度的变化,交叉承认问题的变迁分为南北三角对峙、"北三角"分化和后交叉承认三个时期。交叉承认未能实现其初衷的根本原因在于美国的全球战略及其在东北亚地区的战略利益。目前,随着朝核问题由于美国和朝鲜在朝鲜先弃核还是美国先同朝鲜实现关系正常化这一问题上僵持不下,重提交叉承认以促使美国承认朝鲜、给予朝鲜安全感未尝不是解决朝鲜半岛问题的一个选项。

In 1970s,in order to free itself from the Vietnam War and the disadvantageous position in the confront with the Soviet Russia,the United States began withdraw globally.With respect to the northeast Asia,it addressed a proposal of cross recognition of two Koreas to lighten its burden to Japan and South Korea.The core of the proposal was to try for a situation in which China and Soviet recognized South Korea and the United States and Japan gave a diplomatic recognition to North Korea.The essence of the cross recognition is the bloc diplomacy under the background of cold war.According to the development of international situation and the change of the attitude to the Koreas of concerned countries,the cross recognition can be divided into three periods： the period when the South Triangle Bloc confronted with the North Triangle Bloc,the period when the North Triangle Bloc disunited,and the period of post cross recognition.Basically,the failure of cross is due to the global strategy and the strategic interest in northeast Asia of the United States.Presently,in view of the dispute over whether North Korea should abandon its nuclear program first or the United States should normalize the relationship with North Korea first,the cross recognition by which to urge the United States to recognize North Korea and give North Korea security sense might not be an choice to settle the issue of Korean Peninsula.