供应商产出随机下基于风险共享的供应链协同模型

Collaborative model of supply chain based on risk sharing under random yields

为降低供应链上游的供应风险,研究了供应商随机产出下两供应商-单制造商系统在溢出库存惩罚下的风险共享协同模型。分析了集中决策下供应链系统最优批量决策,以及溢出库存惩罚下供应商和制造商各自的最优批量决策;证明了在存在溢出库存惩罚下,供应商和供应商、供应商和制造商之间存在纳什均衡,且纳什均衡下供应链利润不大于供应链系统的最优利润值。为达到供应链系统的最优利润,提出了溢出库存惩罚下基于风险共享的供应链协同模型。通过案例分析说明,制造商通过调整满足一定关系的订货量、制造商风险共享系数和供应商风险共享系数,能使得独立决策下供应链达到集中决策下的供应链利润。

To reduce upstream supply risks of supply chain,collaborative model of risk sharing policy was studied under the circumstances that the two suppliers-one manufacturer system with random yield when overflow inventory cost existed.First optimal lot sizing was analyzed under centralized decision,then the optimal lot sizing decision under overflow inventory cost was constructed for suppliers and manufacturers respectively.Nash equilibrium was proved to exist between suppliers and manufacturer when overflow inventory cost was considered.The profit of supply chain under Nash equilibrium was no more than that under centralized decision.In order to obtain the optimal profit of the supply chain,supply chain collaborative model based on risk sharing policy under overflow inventory was proposed.Manufacturers shared the risk of suppliers when supplier＇s effective yield exceeded the order amount.Suppliers shared the risk of manufacturers when suppliers＇ inconsistent delivery amount led to ultimate yield reduction of manufacturers.Finally case analysis showed that order amount,suppliers＇ risk sharing coefficient and manufacturer＇s risk sharing coefficient could be controlled by manufacturers to satisfy certain relationship and then profit of supply chain under decentralized decision could reach the profit under centralized decision.