基于聚类-因子分析的科技评价指标体系构建

The establishment of science and technology evaluation indicators system based on cluster-factor analysis

根据"坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观,促进经济社会和人的全面发展"的科学发展观的内涵,从科技投入、科技产出、科技对经济与社会的影响三个方面海选科学技术评价指标,利用R聚类与因子分析相结合的方法定量筛选指标,构建了科学技术综合评价指标体系。本文的创新与特色:一是通过R聚类将同一准则层内的指标分类,使不同的类代表科技评价的不同方面。二是通过因子分析筛选出各个类中因子载荷最大的指标、并剔除其他指标,既保证了筛选出的指标在所在类别中对评价结果影响最显著、又避免了同一类指标的信息重复。三是研究结果表明,最终建立的指标体系用18%的指标反映了98%的原始信息。四是通过科技进步贡献率、万元GDP综合能耗等指标反映了全面、协调与可持续发展的科学发展内涵。五是在国际权威机构典型观点高频指标基础上进行客观数据筛选的指标体系,兼具专家知识和客观实际的双重信息。

The Scientific Outlook on Development put forward the basic principles： maintaining a balanced,and adhere to people-oriented and establish a comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development and the promotion of economic and social development,this paper chooses science and technology evaluation indicators extensively from three guidelines which include input of ST,output of ST,the influence of ST on economy and society.It uses R cluster together with factor analysis to screen the indicators,and at last establishes the evaluation indicators system of ST.The special and contributions of this paper lie on four aspects： firstly,it uses R cluster analysis to classify indicators in the same guideline,which ensures different guidelines represent different evaluation aspects.Secondly,it uses factor analysis to screen the indicator with the highest factor loading in each cluster,which both ensures the indicator selected has the greatest influence in the cluster it locates,and avoid information duplication in the same cluster.Thirdly,the study result reveals that final indicators system uses 18% of initial indicators to reflect 98% of original information.Fourthly,it uses indicators such as contribution rate of ST progress and energy consumption per ten thousand GDP to reflect the meaning of Scientific Development which is characterized by comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development.Fifthly,the indicators system through quantitative screening based on authorities＇ typical and high-frequency indicators have double information of experts＇ knowledge and objective reality.