3种抗凝血剂对褐家鼠和小白鼠凝血酶原时间作用的研究

The Determination of Prothrombin Time for Rattus novegicus and Mice toThree Kinds of Anticoagulant Rodenticides

目的：科学地衡量抗凝血剂对凝血酶原的破坏程度，比较第一代与第二代抗凝血剂对褐家鼠和小白鼠的毒杀能力。方法：以急性口服ＬＤ５０和半ＬＤ５０剂量对褐家鼠和小白鼠各灌胃１０只，每２４小时取尾部静脉血，用改良奎克氏全血法测定凝血酶原时间。结果：褐家鼠２４小时左右凝血酶原时间明显延长，４８小时大部分试鼠凝血酶原时间超过２００秒并出现死亡，１２０小时内绝大部分试鼠死亡。小白鼠在２４小时左右凝血酶原时间稍有延长，４８小时基本恢复正常，７２小时急速延长到２００秒以上，大部分试鼠在１６８小时内死亡。凝血酶原时间呈双峰型。结论：褐家鼠对３种抗凝血剂都敏感，小白鼠敏感性略低，尤其褐家鼠对敌鼠钠盐敏感性甚强，在以褐家鼠为优势种的地区。

The paper reported the prothrombin time determition for Rattus norvegicus and mice to three kinds of anticoagulant rodenticides(Bromadiolone;Coumatetralyl;DiphacinonNa). In 24h the time of prothrombin of R.norvegicus was extended obviously with LD50 and half LD50.The time of prothrombin of most R.norvegicus passed 200's and some body died in 48h.In 120h most of them died. For mice,the prothrombin time was extended slightly in 24h with LD50 and half LD50.In 48h the time of prothrombin return to normal in the main. But in 72h it was extended over 200's. most Mice died in 168h.It was showed that three kinds of anticoagulant rodenticides are sensitive to R.norvsgicus and mice.