注意缺陷多动障碍学龄期儿童绘人测验特征分析

Analysis on human figure drawings in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)学龄期儿童在绘人测验中的表现特征。【方法】运用投射技术的绘人测验对77例ADHD学龄期儿童和77例对照组儿童进行测试,分析ADHD儿童在绘人测验当中Koppitz情绪指标以及自我意象指标的表现特点。【结果】ADHD儿童和对照组儿童在绘人测验Koppitz情绪指标及自我意象指标出现率上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中ADHD组3个及以上情绪指标的出现率高于正常组(P<0.01),ADHD组儿童在躯体组合不良、双臂太短、双臂太长、图像太大、牙齿、缺手、缺双足等7个情绪指标的出现率明显高于对照组(P<0.01),ADHD组在自我同性和微笑唇形指标的出现率低于正常组(P<0.05);ADHD组在针尖样瞳孔、闭眼和人以外指标的出现率高于正常组(P<0.01)。【结论】绘人测验可以反映ADHD儿童的情绪特征,其结果可为ADHD的诊断和干预提供参考。

【Objective】 To study the character of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） in Human Figure Drawings. 【Methods】 77 children with ADHD and 77 control children were administrated by projective technique of Human Figure Drawings.The results were analyzed by statistics.【Results】 Children with ADHD group had higher mood indicators score than control group（P〈0.01）.The rate of three or more than three emotion indexes were higher than NC（P〈0.01）.The rate of seven emotion indicators included bad body composition,short arms,long arms,big figure,tooth,omission of hands,omission of feet were higher than NC（P〈0.01）.The rate of indicator of sex and smile were lower than NC（P〈0.05）.The rate of indicator of small pupil,eyes and out of man were higher than NC（P〈0.01）. 【Conclusions】 Test of Human Figure Drawings could reflect some emotional character of ADHD.To combine some other standard test,it could offer some effective reference to diagnose and intervene ADHD.