深圳地区妊娠各期铅暴露水平与新生儿神经发育和视听觉功能的研究

Research on the relationship of prenatal lead exposure to the neuropsychological development and the visual and auditory functioning of newborn in Shenzhen city

【目的】了解深圳地区妇女妊娠各期铅暴露水平及对子代神经发育的影响状况。【方法】随机抽取不同孕周的孕妇,使用石墨炉原子吸收法对孕妇静脉血进行铅含量测定,并追踪其中部分孕妇至产后2-7 d,检测新生儿神经发育情况和脑干视、听觉诱发电位。【结果】妊娠期平均血铅水平（44.46±21.99）μg/L,早期为47.96μg/L,中、晚期分别为44.14μg/L和37.82μg/L,妊娠早期与晚期血铅水平有显著性差异;低水平铅暴露新生儿听觉诱发电位检查发现右耳I波潜伏期较左侧延长。【结论】妊娠早期血铅水平较高;孕期低水平铅暴露对新生儿听觉发育的影响可能存在左右耳差异。

【Objective】 To explore the status of how the low lead exposure affects the development of newborns during pregnancy. 【Methods】 The pregnant women in different gestational age were chosen randomly and their blood were detected by Graphite stove atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The neuropsychological development and the visual and auditory functioning of some newborns were detected after 2 to 7 days being given birth. 【Results】 The mean lead level of pregnant women is 44.46μg/ L.The lead level in the third trimester was lower than that of the first trimester significantly.The wave I latency prolongation of the right ears were found in hearing evaluation. 【Conclusions】 The highest lead level point of pregnancy is in the first trimester.The pregnant lead exposure possibly results in difference between the left and right ears on the hearing development of newborns.