生物降解型聚氨酯材料的研究 Ⅰ.控制释放化肥包覆材料

Study on the Utilization of Biodegradable Polyurethane Material from the Bark of Acacia Mearnsii (I) Coating Material of Controlled Slow-Release Fertilizer

以树皮为原料，合成了生物降解型聚氨酯泡沫材料，并考察了其作为化肥缓释的包膜材料对常用氮肥硫酸铵的控制释放性能。研究结果表明，以水作为发泡剂的多孔性聚氨酯包裹硫铵后，在模拟自然界雨淋的作用下，释放曲线大致呈抛物线型。释放的速度与所包裹的硫铵量关系不大；发泡时水的比例越高，释放速度越快；颗粒越大，释放越慢；树皮的比例越高，释放越慢。对包膜材料的生物降解性方面的初步实验结果表明：该材料在土壤中能够自然降解。

This paper expounds a novel coating material of controlled slow-release fertilizer-biodegradable polyurethane foams (PUFs), which were prepared through the reaction of diisocyanate with Acacia mearnsii de wind bark that had been dissolved in glycol adipicate polyester. A fundamental research on some factors that influence the slow-release action of ammonium sulfate (SA) coated with the PUFs has been done. It was found that the releasing speed of SA increased with the increasing of the amount of water acted as foaming agent, and the speed of release decreased with the increasing of bark content in PUFs and the size of sample particles regardless of SA content. When the PUFs were buried in to soil,it was able to be degraded by soil microorganisms.