贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州生态环境规划研究——兼谈西南少数民族山区资源、环境与发展的互动与协调

Studies on Eco-environmental Planning in Southeast Qian,Guizhou——Concurrently Discussing on Interaction and Coordination of Resources,Environment and Development in Mountainous-ethnic Region of Southwest China

以贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州为西南少数民族山区的典型案例,使用生态系统服务价值评估、系统动力学、生态足迹等方法开展生态环境规划研究,研究结果显示:区域存在城郊环境差异与跨界污染显现、森林资源与生物多样性优势突出、民族与历史文化特色鲜明等生态环境现状;面临水资源与土地资源承载力不相匹配、环境容量与排放总量矛盾较为突出、区域发展与资源保护冲突日趋明显等资源环境压力;2007年全州生态系统服务价值为91.95亿元,区域总体处于"良"的生态安全状态;在此基础上制定的战略目标、功能区划和规划方案是协调西南少数民族山区资源、环境与发展的有效工具。

Mountainous-ethnic region of Southwest China, including inces, southeast Tibet and other regions, is facing lots of regional Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi provsustainable development issues. In this paper, Prefecture of Southeast Qian of Guizhou Province was taken as a typical case of this region to review and coordinate sustainable development of resources, environment and economy from the perspective of eco-environmental planning. Ecosystem services valuation, system dynamics model, ecological footprint model, and other useful methods were employed to research the eco-environmental planning, The resuhs includes ： （ 1 ） the eco-environment status analysis shows that there is a great advantages in forest resources and biodiversity, and features of national and historical cultures is unique, but regional differences of environment between urban and rural areas do exist and crossborder pollution issues begin to appear; （2） calculation of resources and environmental pressures show that water resources and land resources capacity do not match well, and contradictions between environmental capacity and the total emissions to environment protection are more and more serious, conflicts between regional development and resource protection have become more evident; （3） ecosystem is 9. 195 billion CNY, the overall state of ecological safety is gic objectives, function regionalization division and planning tionship between resources, environment and development in services value of Prefecture of Southeast Qian in 2007 in a ＂good＂ state ; （4） on this basis, making strateprogrammes are effective tools to coordinate the rela- mountainous-ethnic region of Southwest China.