喀斯特高原不同植被演替阶段土壤动物群落特征

Research on Soil Fauna Community Characteristics at Different Vegetation Successions in the Karst Plateau of Guizhou Province

选择贵州喀斯特高原三个典型地貌单元作为研究区,于2009-05对不同植被演替阶段的土壤动物群落进行研究。共获土壤动物3992只,隶属于5门10纲26目,共31个类群,优势类群为弹尾目(Collembola)、甲螨亚目(Oribatida)、中气门亚目(Mesostigmata);常见类群为前气门亚目(Prostigmata)、膜翅目(Hymenoptera)、鞘翅目(Coleoptera)、半翅目(Hemiptera)、近孔寡毛目(Plesiopora)、双翅目(Diptera)、双尾目(Diplura)。研究结果表明,随着喀斯特植被的不断退化,土壤动物数量不断减少,表现为林地>灌丛>草地>石漠化地;类群数亦呈减少趋势。各演替阶段土壤动物表聚性明显,但人为干扰(如翻耕等)可导致土壤动物出现逆分布现象。土壤动物多样性分析表明,中小型土壤动物的多样性指数从林地到石漠化地逐渐减小。

Soil fauna community was studied at different vegetation successions in the Karst Plateau of Guizhou Province in May, 2009. A total of 3 992 individual s of soil animals, belonging to 5 phyla, 10 classes and 24 orders were collected and sorted into maero and meso/miero fauna. The dominant orders were Collembola, Oribatida, Mesostigmata, the frequent orders were Prostigmata Diplura, the remnant orders were rare orders. The Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Plesiopora, Diptera and results show that with increasing degradation of Karst vegetation, the numbers of individuals and groups soil fauna declined, ammoniating forest stage 〉 shrub community 〉 grassland 〉 rock desertification. The analysis of soil fauna diversity indicated that the diversity index of meso/microfauna declined from the forest stage to the rock desertification.