古代“辽泽”地理范围的历史变迁

On the Change of Geographic Range of Liao Ze(辽泽) in History

从五代以后的文献记载来看,"辽泽"即指下辽河(沈阳石佛寺以南的辽河河段)平原沼泽地区,又指西辽河平原的沼泽湿地。西辽河平原在辽朝后期沙漠化严重,沼泽湿地萎缩,到元朝末年不再有辽泽之称,明清时期辽泽专指下辽河平原沼泽地区。下辽河平原辽泽在古代不断扩展,其核心地区在今北镇与辽中之间,从远古到清末一直是面积广阔的沼泽湿地,而辽河以东的沈阳西部至辽河地段、辽阳南部至牛庄地段的沼泽地主要形成于明清时期。清朝末年,沼泽面积大大缩小,辽泽不再见之于史籍。造成辽泽历史变迁的原因除了地形、气候等自然因素以外,人为因素也起到重要作用。

In the historical literatures after the Five Dynasties (907-960),the word ' Liao Ze' was used to call the swamp area of Xia Liao He Plain (下辽河平原),as well as to call the swamp area of the Xi Liao He Plain(西辽河平原). But since the late years of Liao dynasty,the Xi Liao He Plain underwent more and more grave desertification,so by the late years of Yuan dynasty,it was no longer called Liao Ze,so the Liao Ze became the only name of the swamp region of the Xia Liao He Plain during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The swamp of Xia Liao He Plain had been expending in the history,its core area lied between Bei Zhen and Liao Yang,which had always been swamp from the ancient time to the end of the Qing dynasty. After the Ming dynasty,the swamp of Xia Liao He expended to the east. By the end of Qing dynasty,the swamp area gradually vanished,as well as the name Liao Ze. Outside of geographical and climatic reasons,human activity was an important cause for the change and final disappear of Liao Ze in history.