老年HIV感染者感染HIV相关危险因素调查

Investigation of HIV-related Risk Factors Among Elderly HIV-positive Patients

目的对湖南省4个县、区的老年HIV感染者的行为、心理和社会因素调查,为制定相应的防治措施提供科学依据。方法对国家HIV综合防治数据信息系统报告中,HIV抗体确证实验阳性时年龄≥50岁、目前仍然存活的HIV/AIDS患者作为调查对象。由经过培训的调查员在知情同意的原则下对其HIV高危行为及影响因素进行面对面、一对一的问卷调查访谈。访谈问卷用EPIdata3.02建立数据库,用SPSS13.0进行分析。结果共调查80例老年HIV感染者,平均年龄65.2岁,最小的51岁,最大的82岁。调查对象以教育程度低(小学以下占76.3%)、农民(占70%)、在家休息、与配偶分居(占53.8%)、承认有嫖娼行为(老年男性中占82.6%)。老年男性以嫖娼感染为主,发生性关系的暗娼年龄偏大且价钱低廉,从不使用安全套。老年女性则以配偶间传播为主。结论老年人嫖娼应该值得社会重视,是老年发生HIV/STD感染的主要风险,急需制定针对性的HIV防治策略。

Objective To survey the behavior,psychological and social factors among elderly patients with HIV-positive in four counties or districts in Hunan Province,and to provide the evidence for making relative preventive and therapeutic measures.Methods The data were selected from the national HIV comprehensive prevention and control data information system.The target group was persons living with HIV/AIDS and aged 50 years and over.Face-to-face and one-to-one questionnaire investigation of HIV high risk behaviors and the influencing factors was conducted by trained investigators among the HIV/AIDS patients under the rule of agreement.The data were entered using EPIdata3.02 and analyzed by SPSS13.0.Results Totally 80 HIV patients were investigated,and the average age was 65.2 years old,ranging in age from 51 to 82 years.The population characteristics were low educational level （primary school accounted for 76.3%）,farmers （70%）,the retired and separated from spouse （53.8%）.Of all,82.6% of the male elderly acknowledged to visit the low price commercial sex workers and never used a condom.Most of the older women were infected from their spouses.Conclusion It should be taken seriously by the whole society that the main risk factor of HIV/STD infection among the elderly is prostitute visit.It is urgent for the management department to work out HIV-prevention and therapeutic measures.