洞口县农村饮用水与环境卫生现状调查

Survey on Current Status of Drinking Water and Environmental Sanitation in Rural Areas of Dongkou County

目的掌握洞口县农村饮用水、改厕和粪便处理现状,了解农村垃圾污水治理情况。方法按照统一的农村饮用水调查表和环境卫生调查表进行调查问卷,按照人口比例分层方法确定采样点,随机抽样检测。结果该县农村饮用地面水的占2.88%、地下水的占97.12%;集中式供水的占11.81%,分散式供水占88.19%,集中式供水水质合格率为6.84%,分散式供水水质合格率66.67%(不包括消毒剂指标)。卫生厕所占总户厕的6.67%。生活垃圾、生产垃圾分别占垃圾总量的59.83%和40.17%;生活性污水排到河流占76.30%,生产性污水排到河流占54.55%。结论该县农村饮用水供水方式和饮用水质亟待改善,卫生厕所普及率低,垃圾及污水的收集和处理不规范,环境卫生状况不容乐观。

Objective To grasp the current situation of drinking water,toilets amelioration,and excreta disposal,to know the status of sewage treatment in the rural areas of Dongkou County.Methods A survey was conducted by adopting the unified form of rural drinking water investigation and environmental sanitation questionnaire.The sampling sites were determined according to the stratified method of population proportion,and random sampling tests were conducted.Results Drinking surface water in rural areas of Dongkou County accounted for 2.88% and drinking groundwater accounted for 97.12%.Centralized water supply accounted for 11.81% and distributed water supply accounted for 88.19%.The qualified rates of centralized water supply and distributed water supply were 6.84% and 66.67% （which excluded the index of disinfectant）,respectively.Sanitary latrines accounted for 6.67% of the total household toilets.Domestic waste and production garbage accounted for 59.83% and 40.17% of the gross garbage,respectively.Living sewage discharged into the river accounted for 76.30%,and the productive wastewater discharged into the river accounted for 54.55%.Conclusions Rural drinking water supply mode and the quality of drinking water need to be speedily improved.The coverage rate of sanitary latrines in this county is lower,the collection and disposal of garbage and sewage are not standardized,and the situation of environmental sanitation is not satisfied.