面向森林环境信息监测的无线传感器网络节点的研制

Development of Wireless Sensor Network Node for Forest Environmental Information Monitoring

介绍了自主研制的面向森林环境信息监测的无线传感器网络节点,该节点基于ZigBee无线通讯协议和AT86RF230射频芯片;该森林环境信息监测网络采用了树簇状的拓扑结构,用无线跳传的方式将监测的森林环境信息数据汇集到网络协调器,最后通过Internet或GPRS远程传输;给出了网络节点的硬件组成框图,详细介绍了节点硬件电路原理设计和在该数模混合高频电路中的采取的抗干扰措施;系统的软件设计开发平台基于AVRSTUDIO和ICCAVR,采用C语言完成模块化的程序设计,给出了编成思路和基于该实际硬件电路的数据收发的软件流程图以及程序的部分代码;通过试验测试,该节点的点对点通讯距离为100 m(空阔地带)、70 m(人工林中),节点可由五号电池供电,具有较低的功耗和较高的性价比,可应用于立木生长及森林环境信息实时监测。

The independently developed wireless sensor network node for forest environmental information monitoring based on ZigBee wireless communication protocol and AT86RF230 radio frequency chip were introduced. The timely information can gather in multi-hop into the network coordinator of the ZigBee cluster-tree wireless network for forest information monitoring and finally the important information may be obtained through the Intemet or GPRS remote transmission. The network node hardware block diagram had given as well as the detailing principles of the node hardware circuit and the anti-jamming measures in digital-analog mixed high-frequency circuit. Using C language to complete the modular programming based on system software development platform - AVRStudio and IccAVR. The program design idea, the receiving and sending data software flow chart and a segment of program code working on this hardware circuit had been presented. Through experimental test, the point to point communication distance of this node is 100 meters across the open ground and 70 meters in the artificial forest. It has been proved that the node has lower power consumption and higher cost performance which can be applied to monitor standing tree growth and forest environmental information in real-time.