海洛因依赖者药物维持治疗效果分析

Analysis of the efficacy of medicine(methadone) maintenance treatment in 125 cases of heroin dependence patients

目的:分析广州市药物(美沙酮)维持治疗(MMT)点工作的疗效,为进一步推广和完善MMT提供参考依据。方法:采用自我设计的社区美沙酮维持治疗调查表,对笔者所在门诊2006年09月～2008年-07月收治的125例海洛依赖者进行入组和随访凋查。结果:①受治者使用毒品的行为明显减少,2年来平均尿吗啡检测阴性率65%,未见共用针具行为;②家庭关系改善,家庭关系良好者从18例(14.4%)增至105例(84%);正常生活水平从12例(9.6%)增至105例(90.4%);精神变好从14例(11.2%)增至115例(90.2%);③就业率从入组12例(9.6%)增至65例(52%)。结论:实施MMT在改善海洛因依赖者社会功能,降低毒品危害方面有一定成效,但还存在脱失率偏高,就业率不足等现象。怎样采取有效措施,降低脱失率,提高就业率,是今后急需解决的一个问题。

Objective： To analyse the efficacy of methadone maintenance treatment （MMT） in Guang Zhou City, so as to provide references for further promoting MMT. Methods： Adopting self-design MMT investigation scale, evaluated baseline and follow-up questionnaire;this investigation was conducted among 125 cases of hero- ine dependence patients in athor＇s clinic. Results： （1）Compared with that before MMT, the behavior of using heroin was obviously reduced. 65 % of the urine morphine tests were always negative for two years. No case shared needles with others; （2） Their family relationships were improved. The rate of good family relationships was increased from 14.4 % to 84 %; The rate of good norm life was increased from 9.6 % to 90.4% ;The rate of good mental state was increased from 11.2% to 90.2% ; （3）The employment rate was increased from 9.6% to 52 % . Conclusion： Actualizing MMT can effectively improve the social function of heroin dependence patients and reduce the harm of heroine. But it still has some questions, for example, the high loss rate and the low employment rate. How to take measures to reduce the loss rate and raise the employment rate should be solved urgently.