西方主要国家公务员制度的改革及启示

The Civil Service’s Reform of the Western Developed Countries and Enlightenment

从20世纪80年代开始,西方各国先后启动了公务员制度的现代化改革,其中最具代表性的国家是英国、美国、法国、日本、澳大利亚等国。借鉴这些国家公务员制度改革的成果,得到了以下几点启示:公务员制度的完善需要不断进行改革来推进;转变行政理念,进行观念创新;改革职务常任制,精简机构和人员;改革绩效评估机制和健全竞争激励机制以及下放人事权,增强灵活性,以提高政府服务水平。

From the beginning of 80’s period of the 20th century,western countries have initiated reform and modernization of the civil service system. The most representative countries are Britain,the United States,France,Japan,Australia and so on. Learn from these countries the results of civil service reform,we have some experience to following： Civil service reforms need to improve to advance constantly; change in administrative philosophy and the concept of innovation; reform the system of permanent tenure positions and the streamlining of agencies and personnel; reform and performance assessment mechanisms to a sound competition and incentive mechanism; delegated personnel authority,increased flexibility in order to enhance the level of government services.