木聚糖酶碳水化合物结合结构域研究进展

Xylanase carbohydrate binding module:recent developments

木聚糖酶含有催化活性结构域,有时还含有非催化活性结构域,促进酶与底物结合,特别是与不溶性底物的结合及降解,称为碳水化合物结合结构域(CBM),它们在木聚糖降解过程中有重要作用。以下从CBM来源,所属家族类型、对不溶性底物结合特性、与底物结合的特定氨基酸、与催化结构域间的连接肽、特别是对影响木聚糖酶稳定性的5个方面进行了综述,说明CBM对木聚糖酶性质有很大影响。自然界中碳水化合物结构复杂、难以降解,所以认识CBM相关性质对研究其与木聚糖酶的协同作用、提高木聚糖酶活性有重要意义,并根据CBM属性用于改造木聚糖酶相关性质进行了展望。

Besides the catalytic domain, some xylanases contained a non-catalytic domain which is named as carbohydrate binding module （CBM）. CBM can be used to improve their binding-ability to insoluble substrates. We illustrated the importance of CBM by reviewing the source of CBMs, type of families, features of binding to insoluble substrates, specific amino acids involved in substrate-binding, linker peptides connecting the catalytic domain, and the effect of CBMs on xylanase thermostability. CBM is important for xylanase to break down complicate carbohydrates. Perspectives on engineering xylanase activity according to the characteristics of CBMs were given.