内蒙古温带荒漠草原生态系统水热通量动态

Dynamics of sensible and latent heat fluxes over a temperate desert steppe ecosystem in Inner Mongolia

基于2008年全年内蒙古温带荒漠草原的水热通量观测数据,对荒漠草原水、热通量的日、季动态进行了分析.结果表明:温带荒漠草原感热通量和潜热通量的日动态均呈单峰型曲线,在12:00—13:30左右达最大值,其与地表净辐射的日变化趋势基本一致,但感热和潜热的峰值出现时间较地表净辐射峰值出现时间滞后约1h;温带荒漠草原感热通量和潜热通量的日累积最大值分别为319.01和425.37W.m-2,分别出现在5月30日和6月2日;月均感热通量与潜热通量的最大值分别出现在5月和6月,最小值分别出现在1月和12月.研究区土壤含水量与降水的相关性较好,表层土壤含水量对降水的反应最敏感,深层土壤水分对降水的反应存在位相滞后.感热通量和潜热通量的季节动态与地表净辐射基本一致,均受降水影响.感热通量受地表净辐射的影响明显,而潜热通量对降水的反应较敏感,且土壤含水量在潜热通量中起主要作用.

This paper studied the diurnal and seasonal characteristics of sensible and latent heat fluxes over a temperate desert steppe ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, based on the 2008 observation data from eddy covariance tower. The diurnal patterns of sensible and latent heat fluxes over the ecosystem were both single kurtosis, with the maximum value being 319.01 W·m^-2 （on May 30th, 2008） and 425.37 W·m^-2 （on Jun 2nd, 2008）, respectively, and occurred at about 12：00-13：30 （local time）, which was similar to the diurnal pattern of net radiation but lagged about one hour of the maximum net radiation. The maximum diurnal variations of monthly mean sensible and latent heat fluxes occurred in May and June, and their minimum diurnal variations occurred in January and November, respectively. There was a closer relationship between soil moisture content and precipitation. Surface soil moisture content was most sensitive to precipitation, while the moisture content in deeper soil layers had a lagged response to precipitation. The seasonal dynamics of sensible and latent heat fluxes was similar to that of net radiation, and affected by precipitation. Sensible heat flux was obviously affected by net radiation, but latent heat flux was more sensitive to precipitation and mainly controlled by soil moisture content.