MNU灌肠诱导大鼠原位结肠癌及远处转移的模型建立

Establishment of Orthotopic Colon Tumor and Metastasis Model by Coloclysis of MNU in Rat

目的以MNU灌肠方式建立大鼠原位结肠癌及远处转移模型，实时观察大鼠结肠癌的发生、发展及转移过程。方法应用MNU（N-甲基-N-亚硝基脲）对SD大鼠进行灌肠，观察大鼠摄食、活动、排便等临床表现及成瘤时间、肿瘤生长、转移情况，分别于8、12、16周进行解剖，观察结肠原位肿瘤的生长及远处转移情况，通过病理分析，综合评价该模型。结果实验大鼠未发生死亡，灌肠8周后，大鼠即可出现大便性状改变、便血、淋巴结肿大等临床症状，灌肠后12周后，75％的SD大鼠发生了结肠癌，并同时发生了多处淋巴结转移，16周后大鼠结肠原位肿瘤诱导成功率达到91．7％，病理学证实了原位结肠癌及远处淋巴结转移。结论MNU能够通过灌肠方式有效地在SD大鼠上诱导出结肠癌及远处转移，诱导过程方便有效，贴近结肠癌的自然发生、发展过程，该模型淋巴结转移成功率较高，为结直肠癌原位生长及淋巴道转移机制，寻找新的治疗方案以及抗转移治疗等提供了理想的动物模型。

Objective To establish an orthotopic colon tumor and metastasis model by the coloclysis of MNU in SD Rat, to observe the carcinogenesis development and the metastasis process. Methods SD Rats were given the MNU clyster, the clinical symptom was checked, the tumor growth, metastasis of the rat were observed. To respectively sacrifice 12 SD rat every time at 8, 12, 16 weeks later, observe the tumor in situ and the metastasis. Evaluate the effect of this colon cancer model through pathological methods. Result None of the SD rat died, 8 weeks later, clinical symptom show hematochezia and lymphadenectasis, 16 weeks later, 91.7% rat formed colon neoplasma and many lymphadenectasis, pathological examination confh＇m the colon adencarcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion The successful establishment of orthotopic colon tumor model by the coloclysis of MNU in SD Rat. The induction process is convenience and utility, the model has the colon carcinoma autogenesis development successfully. The orthotopic tumor and metastasis model provide useful tools for the study of mechanism of metastasis and its treatment of colon cancer.