香烟焦油对小鼠急慢性毒性实验研究

Acute and chronic toxicity of tar contents of cigarette in mice

目的:观察香烟焦油对小鼠的急、慢性毒性作用。方法:提取香烟中的焦油,小鼠40只,分为染毒组,乙醇组和生理盐水组作对照,腹腔注射法(1次/d)染毒,连续4d,观察小鼠活动情况并记录。4d后,处死小鼠,取胸骨骨髓常规制片,观察骨髓PCE细胞微核发生率。另取60只小白鼠,方法相同,连续观察小鼠30d活动情况,最后1d解剖,观察小鼠内脏各器官颜色、体积等改变。结果:急性毒性实验小鼠出现活动能力下降、尿失禁等现象,而慢性毒性实验小鼠出现体重下降、皮肤松弛、活动减少、尾部溃疡等症状,解剖后可观察到染毒内脏各器官肺、肝、肾、胃肠道颜色、体积等改变。小鼠骨髓细胞微核表明,香烟焦油可诱导微核形成,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:香烟焦油对小鼠有较强的毒性作用,可能会对人体产生相应的危害。

Objective To observe the acute and chronic toxicity effects of cigarette tar in mice.Method Extracting the tar in cigarettes, 40 mice were divided into tar exposed group,ethanol exposed group and normal saline group as control which were by intraperitoneal injection（1 time / day） for 4 days,the activities of the mice were recorded.After 4 days,the mice were killed,bone marrow of the sternum were made producers to observe micronucleus incidence of the bone marrow PCE cells.According the same way,another 60 mice were used,after 30 days of continuous observation,all the mice were disected to observe color,size,etc of visceral organs.Results Acute toxicity in mice showed the exposed mice activity dropping,urinary incontinence;chronic toxicity experiment showed the exposed mice body weight loss,skin relaxation,reduction in activity,ulcers of the tail,and other symptoms,color,size etc.of visceral organs including lung,liver,kidney,gastrointestinal tract after anatomy were changed.Micronuclei of bone marrow cells in mice showed that cigarette tar could induce micronucleus formation,compared with the control group were significantly different.Conclusion Cigarette tar has strong toxic effects in mice,may have the human body produce corresponding damages.