地下矿山深孔崩矿爆破漏斗试验研究

Blasting Crater Test for Underground Mine′s Long-hole Caving

为配合某矿山的深孔采矿试验,在与试采采场岩性相似的巷道内布置了12个单孔、4个变孔进行爆破漏斗试验。对现场应用的乳化炸药爆破漏斗特性曲线、爆破漏斗体积与炸药埋深关系、漏斗半径与炸药埋深关系、爆破漏斗的最佳埋深与临界埋深、爆堆块度等进行了分析研究。试验得出最佳埋深为1.09 m,临界埋深为1.65 m,最佳漏斗半径为0.79 m,最佳漏斗体积为0.37 m3,孔间距为最佳爆破漏斗半径的1.9倍,块度平均合格率为58.4%。试验表明,爆破漏斗试验在深孔爆破实践中具有重要指导作用。

For a long-hole mining test in some mine, a series of blasting crater tests were carried out with 12 single-holes and 4 variable distance holes laid out in a mining tunnel which has the similar rock property with the mining stope in that mining test. Characteristic curve of blasting crater for the emulsion explosives used, the relationship between blasting crater volume and charge embedment depth, the relationship between crater radius and charge embedment depth, the optimum and critical embedment depth for the blasting crater and blast fragmentation have been discussed. It is obtained from the tests that the optimum and critical embedment depth for blasting crater are 1.09 m and 1.65 m, the optimum blasting crater radius is 0.79 m, the optimum blasting crater volume is 0.37 m^3, the hole spacing is 1.9 times of the optimum blasting crater radius, with an average 58.4% of blast fragmentation up to grade. Results show that blasting crater test is still of important guiding significance in long-hole blasting practice.