中国义务教育阶段经费配置公平状况的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Degree of Educational Finance Disparities Equality in Compulsory Education in China

选取基尼系数作为测量工具,利用2003-2007年统计数据,分析中国31个省(市、区)义务教育阶段生均预算内教育事业费以及生均预算内公用经费配置的公平状况。研究发现:从省一级情况来讲,总的来说生均预算内教育事业费配置的公平状况要好于公用经费配置的公平状况;整体来讲,两个指标的基尼系数均呈逐年减小之势,说明近些年来中国各级政府尤其是中央政府在改善义务教育生均资源配置方面的努力初见成效。

Educational justice is the base of social justice, and compulsory education has got highly attention from all social communities. This paper select Gini Coefficient as measurement tool, based on 2003- 2007 province- level data, calculates the Gini Coefficient to assess the degree of finance disparities equality in compulsory educational in China. The result shows that, from the provincial level, the situation of the budget educational operating expenditure per student is better than the budget educational public expenditure per student. Generally speaking, the Gini Coefficient of the two indicators have decreased gradually year bye year, this means the government, especially the central government＇s efforts in improving the allocation of resources in compulsory education is effective.