二氟乙醇的合成方法

Synthesis of 2,2-Difluoroethanol

介绍了脂肪族含氟中间体二氟乙醇的基本特性,并按照其原料不同,简述了几种基本的合成方法:以二氟乙酸或二氟乙酸酯为原料的金属硼氢化物还原法、以二氟乙酰氯为原料的催化氢化法、以1,1-二氟-2-溴(或氯)乙烷为原料的酯化水解法。其中,以二氟乙酰氯为起始原料,反应试剂易得,条件设备简单,产率较为理想,最为适合工业化生产。

The basic characteristics of one related intermediate 2,2-difluoroethanol and several synthetic methods in accordance with different raw materials were introduced. These methods include the reduction of difluoroacetic acid or acetate by metal borohydride, the catalytic hydrogenation of difluoroacetyl chloride, the esterification and hydrolysis of 1,1-difluoro-2-bromo（or chloro） ethane. Among them, catalytic hydrogenation of difluoroacetyl chloride has some advantages over others： the commercial available reagents, the simple reaction conditions and equipments, and the satisfactory yield. Therefore, difluoroacetyl chloride as starting material is most suitable for industrialized production.