地铁车内噪声特性

Characteristics of Noise in Subway Cars

对地铁车辆在静止及运行情况下进行车内噪声测试。测点布置在车体中央、风挡及转向架上方距地板面不同高度处。在静止情况下,空调送风口处噪声值为77.8 dB(A)。车辆运行分为隧道内和高架上两种情况,隧道内运行时,车内相应点处的噪声值比高架上高1.0-5.9 dB(A)。车辆在运行过程中对车内噪声影响较大的是轮轨噪声,车辆附属设备影响较小。车辆的密封性对车内噪声的分布有较大的影响,应提高车门、风挡的密封性。

The noise experiments in a subway car were made. The measurement points were positioned at the centre of the car＇s body, and at the vestibule diaphragm and the bogie, respectively, above the＇ floor with different heights. It is found that the noise at the air-outlet is 77.8 dB （A） in the case of static car. When the train was running, however, the noise of the subway car is 1.0 - 5.9 dB （A） higher in the subway tunnel than that in the railway viaduct. Wheel/rail noise is the major contributor to the internal noise, while the noise from auxiliary equipments can usually be neglected in the measurement except the portions near the air-outlet in the running car. The coach airproof affects the noise distribution in the ear, so the airproof of the door and the vestibule diaphragm should be improved.