椰壳制备液体分离用炭膜的研究

PREPARATION OF CARBON MEMBRANE FOR LIQUID PURIFICATION BY COCONUT SHELL

以海南椰壳为原料，经一次炭化、成型、再炭化，制得炭膜。研究了原料椰壳的热解特征，考察了炭膜制备工艺条件对炭膜分离性能的影响，并对炭膜用于细菌分离的过程进行了初步的探索。结果表明：椰壳热解在４５０℃左右已趋于完全，进一步提高温度有助于炭化物孔结构的改善。炭膜的分离性能与成型压力、粘结剂含量等工艺条件有关。所制炭膜的最大孔径范围为：０．５μｍ～１．０μｍ，分离过程属微滤。通过对水中细菌（０．５×１．５μｍ～１．８μｍ）分离实验结果表明：炭膜可有效截留细菌。

The processing technology of preparing carbon membrane from coconut shell was studied.The mechanism of carbon membrane separating dye solution was illustrated.In addition,bacteria filtering experiments were also conducted with prepared carbon membrane. Coconut shell as a raw material was carbonized. Carbon powder was moulded with binder, followed by carbonization again to prepare carbon membrane. Effects of preparation conditions on dye solution separation process were investigated. The bacterium separation experiments were also conducted with carbon membrane.Results showed that pyrolysis of coconut shell tended to completion at 450℃ and continually increasing temperature will be of benefit to improve pore structure of carbon powder. Separation properties of carbon membrane were affected by binder ratio, moulding pressure etc. The maximum pore size of carbon membrane was in the range from 0.5μm～1.0μm. The bacterium in water can be removed effectively with prepared carbon membrane.