基于实验数据计算机仿真大鼠视神经纤维对于胞外点电极刺激的响应与影响

Simulation of extracellular electrical stimulation of rat optic nerve fiber based on experimental data

背景:目前的视觉假体有3种,即视网膜假体,视神经假体和视觉皮质假体,保证视神经纤维的正常是使用视神经假体的基础。对于有髓视神经纤维的胞外刺激实际上是胞内刺激的延续和发展,与胞内刺激相比,胞外刺激的优势在于刺激位置的选择更加灵活,操作上的精确度要求相对较低。目的:通过计算机来仿真大鼠视神经纤维对于胞外点电极源刺激的响应,然后考虑电极位置对响应的影响。方法:总结大鼠视神经的实验数据和常见离子通道的特性,分析已有的类Hodgkin-Huyley视神经纤维模型;然后用计算机仿真出神经纤维模型的响应;通过改变胞外点电极源的刺激位置,比较视神经纤维各Ranvier节动作电位的变化。结果与结论:利用模型仿真说明胞外电极位置对视神经响应有影响。点电极源与视神经纤维的垂直距离越近,并且与视神经纤维中心Ranvier节点的水平距离越近,视神经纤维越容易兴奋。

BACKGROUND：Currently,there are three types of visual prosthesis：retinal prosthesis,optic nerve prosthesis and visual cortical prosthesis.Normal optic nerve fiber is the basis to apply visual prosthesis.Extracellular stimulation of myelinated optic nerve fiber is developed from intracellular stimulation,with feasible selection of stimulation locations and low requirements for operation.OBJECTIVE：Using computer to simulate the response of myelinated rat optic nerve fiber to extracellular point current source and to analyze the effect of the position of the point source on the response of the optic nerve fiber.METHODS：The experiment data of ion channels of rat optic nerve fiber and the characteristic of common ion channels were summarized,and the existing Hodgkin-Huxley like optic nerve fiber models were analyzed.The response of the optic nerve fiber model was simulated by computer,and the differences of action potentials of Ranvier node were compared by changing the position of point source.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Simulated models showed that the response of optic nerve is affected by the position of extracellular exciting electrode.The myelinated rat optic nerve fiber is easier to activate when the distance between point source and the Ranvier node center of the optic nerve fiber is short.