海藻糖对鼠蒸发过强型干眼模型结膜杯状细胞的影响

Effect of trehalose on conjunctival goblet cells in a rat model of excessive evaporative xerophthalmus

背景:近年来研究表明海藻糖可以有效降低角膜上皮细胞在干燥环境中的死亡率,有可能成为一种治疗干眼症的新型药物。目的:评价海藻糖滴眼液对大鼠蒸发过强型干眼疗效。方法:SD大鼠15只(30只眼),采用随机数字表法分为正常组、对照组和实验组,每组5只(10只眼)。正常组不给予处置,后2组通过机械性阻止大鼠瞬目,暴露角结膜制作干眼模型。对照组和治疗组暴露24h后分别给予生理盐水、海藻糖滴眼液点双眼,4次/d,共2周。分别于暴露后1,3,5,7,14d进行ShirmerI试验、荧光染色;同时应用结膜印迹细胞学检测结膜杯状细胞密度。于暴露14d后取双眼结膜、角膜,行病理学检查。结果与结论:正常组与对照组和实验组的ShirmerI试验结果比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。正常组与对照组和实验组角膜荧光素染色结果比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),实验组第3,7,14天角膜荧光染色积分明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组和实验组均导致了结膜鳞状化生的退化,用药后结膜杯状细胞密度随着时间的延长逐渐增加,与正常组比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。实验组杯状细胞密度在暴露第3,5,7,14天明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。病理检查结果显示对照组角膜组织中出现明显的炎症细胞浸润,实验组结膜组织中未发现明显的炎症细胞浸润。结果提示海藻糖滴眼液可以抑制结膜杯状细胞数目的减少,对蒸发过强型干眼有一定的治疗效果。

BACKGROUND：In recent years,studies have shown that trehalose effectively reduce mortality of the corneal epithelial cells in the dry environment.So,it may be used as a kind of new drug for xerophthalmus.OBJECTIVE：To observe the healing effect of trehalose on a rat model of excessive evaporative xerophthalmus.METHODS：A total of 15 SD rats（30 eyes）were randomly divided into normal,control,and experimental groups,with 5 rats for each group（10 eyes）.The normal group was not treated,and the other two groups were made into xerophthalmus models by preventing nictation to expose conjunctiva.The control and treatment groups were dripped by normal saline and trehalose eyedrops to eyes after 24-hour exposure in 2 weeks,for 4 times per day.Shirmer I test and fluorescence staining test were carried on after 1,3,5,7 and 14 days,respectively.At the same time,the density of conjunctival goblet cell was detected by conjunctival impression cytology.The conjunctiva and cornea were taken out to do pathological examination after 14 days.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：There was no significant difference in Shirmer I test among normal,control,and experimental groups（P 0.05）;but there was statistically significant difference in the result of corneal fluorescein staining among normal,control,and experimental groups（P 0.05）.On the 3rd,7th,and 14th days,fluorescence staining scores of cornea in the experimental group were significantly less than control group（P 0.05）.Squamous metaplasia degeneration of conjunctiva appeared in both control and experimental groups,and the conjunctival goblet cell density was increased after treatment,which was significant difference compared with normal group（P 0.05）.The goblet cell density in the experimental group was increased at 3,5,7 and 14 days after exposure compared with control group（P 0.05）.Pathological examination showed that a large number of inflammatory cells emerged in the cornea in the control group,while inflammatory cells were not observed in the experimental group,suggesting that trehalose inhibited decreasing of conjunctival goblet cells and effectively cured exposed xerophthalmus.