半月板运动损伤修复中组织工程材料的应用

Application of tissue engineered materials to the repair of movement-induced meniscus damage

目的:以半月板运动损伤修复中组织工程材料为出发点,介绍了半月板的结构与功能、半月板种子细胞来源、细胞因子的作用及半月板损伤组织工程修复材料的应用。方法:以"半月板,组织工程,运动损伤,支架"为中文检索词;以"Meniscus,tissueengineering,Sports Injuries,Bracket"为英文检索词,应用计算机检索中文期刊全文数据库1998-01/2009-12期间的相关文章。纳入与组织工程半月板生物支架材料研究相关文献,排除重复分析,重点对21篇文献进行归纳分析。结果:半月板生物支架材料按其来源可分为:天然生物材料、人工合成高分子材料和复合材料。在半月板组织工程中支架材料起着非常重要的作用,选择合适的载体是一个首先要解决的问题。在生物材料研制与开发过程中,应特别注重细胞与生物材料相互作用的研究;避免生物材料研究与种子细胞研究脱节;复合材料的制备不仅包括同一类生物材料的复合,还包括不同类别生物材料之间的交叉复合;对材料进行生物或化学修饰的复合材料、纳米材料、仿生材料及智能材料等的研制与开发将是未来生物材料研究的重要内容。结论:通过对支架材料进行表面修饰、采用新型构建技术以及利用天然和合成材料的各自优势联合应用,进行多材料复合,以研制出具有生物相容性好、力学适应能力强的复合材料、仿生材料、智能材料将是近年来半月板生物支架材料的主要研究方向。

OBJECTIVE：With tissue engineered material in repair of meniscus movement injury as starting point,to introduce meniscal structure and function,source of meniscus seed cells,cytokine effects and application of tissue engineered materials to repair damaged meniscus.METHODS：We retrieved full-text database of Chinese journals by computer for relevant articles published from January 1998 to December 2009,with the Keywords of ＂meniscus,tissue engineering,sports injuries,bracket＂.Studies addressing biological stent material of tissue-engineered meniscus were included.Duplicated studies were excluded.A total of 21 articles were summarized and analyzed.RESULTS：The meniscus biological stent material can be assigned to natural biomaterial,artificial synthetic macromolecule material and compound material according to its source.Stent material plays an important role in meniscus tissue engineering.To select a suitable vector is a problem that should be solved first.During research and development of biomaterial,we should pay attention to studies concerning interaction between cells and biomaterials,to avoid disconnection between biomaterial and seed cell studies.Preparation of composite not only includes the combination of the same biomaterials,but also contains crossing combination of various biomaterials.The research and development of biological or chemical modification of composite,nanometer material,bionic material and intelligent material are major contents in further studies addressing biomaterials.CONCLUSION：Following surface modification of stent material,using novel constructed technique and utilizing combined application of natural and synthetic material for multiple material combination,to develop composite,bionic material and intelligent material with good biocompatibility and strong adaptive capacity of mechanics is a major research direction in meniscus biological stent material in recent years.