新疆维吾尔族年轻妇女子宫颈癌临床特点分析

Clinical Characteristics of Cervical Cancer in Uygur Young Women in Xinjiang

目的:探讨新疆维吾尔族年轻妇女宫颈癌发病趋势、临床表现及病理特征。方法:对1998～2002年(前5年组)及2003～2007年(后5年组)收治的维吾尔族年轻宫颈癌350例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:维吾尔族年轻宫颈癌占同期宫颈癌的比例由前5年组的12.9%下降到后5年组的10_3%,发病率呈下降趋势。接触性阴道流血为首发症状。职业分布均以农民为主,知识分子的比例呈上升趋势。两组比较初婚年龄及人流次数之间差异均有统计学意义,后5年组的初婚年龄增加,5次以上人流次数明显减少。两组比较临床期别有统计学意义,后5年组多为较早期肿瘤,Ⅱ期占56.9%;而前5年组晚期患者多,Ⅱ期占18.1%%(P<0.05),病理类型以鳞状细胞癌为主。结论:维吾尔族年轻妇女宫颈癌发病率呈下降趋势,这与近几年新疆偏远地区广泛宣传子宫颈癌普查普治,提倡晚婚、少育,宣传性卫生教育密不可分,但同时应加强筛查人员的培训。

Objective： To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and etiological factors of cervical cancer in young Uygur women in Xinjiang.Methods： We reviewed 350 cases of young Uygur females diagnosed with cervical cancer in our hospital during 1998-2007.The patients were divided into two groups according to their admission time （1998～2002 group and 2003～2007 group）.Results： The incidence of cervical carcinoma among yong Uygur women was 12.9% in the 1998-2002 group and 10.3% in the 2003-2007 group.The first symptom was vaginal contactive bleeding.In both groups, most patients were peasants, but the percentages of highbrow was higher in the 2003-2007 group.Patients in the 2003～2007 group were of older age at first marriage and had lower rate of abortion.There was no significant difference in histological type between the two groups.However, patients in the 2003-2007 group presented with much earlier stage of cervical cancer and 56.9% of them were of stage Ⅱ disease, compared with 18.1% in the 1998-2002 group （P〈0.05）.Squamous cell carcinoma was the dominant histological type.Conclusion： The incidence of cervical carcinoma in young Uygur women tends to decrease due to screening and advocation of late marriage, less reproduction in remote rural areas of Xinjiang.