碘缺乏病重病区推广土盐水加碘防治效果观察

An Observation on Control Effect of IDD by Spreading the Method of Adding Iodine to Local Salt Water in Severe Endemic Area

目的观测在碘缺乏病（IDD）严重流行且推广加碘盐困难的特殊病区，推广碘控释器土盐水加碘防治IDD效果。方法随机抽样检查和田地区各县市农牧区居民使用碘控释器情况及其防治效果。结果推广后第3个月和第15个月，和田地区农牧民碘控释器使用率分别为74．4％和70．3％；碘控释器加碘土盐水含碘量为6．6mg／L；8～10岁儿童平均尿碘加碘前仅59μg／L，加碘四个月上升到205μg／L，连续加碘到第21个月为238μg／L；加碘前甲状腺肿大率为51．2％，Ⅱ°肿大率为11．9％；加碘15个月甲状腺肿大率为32．3％，Ⅱ°肿大率为6．2％；甲状腺肿大率均显著降低（P＜0．01）。结论碘控释器土盐水加碘防治IDD，顺应农牧民用盐习惯，多数居民开始使用；尿碘短期内可达适宜水平，且长期稳定，防治效果良好，可在适用地区组织推广。

The families drinking local salt water accounted for as much as 95% of the inhabitants in rural areas of Hotan District. The morbidity rates of IDD had been keeping ahigh level for many years. The mean of urinary iodine of children aged from 8～10 years oldwas 59μg／L, while goitre rate was high to be 51. 2%. From 1996, adding iodine to local water in the whole district was getting to be spread to control IDD with spreading rate of70. 3%～74. 4%. After one year, the average of urinary iodine rose as high as 238μg／L andthe goitre rate fell to be 32. 2%. Controlling IDD with the iodine slow-releasing device to addiodine was able to be standed in economics by peasants and herdsmen and also was in keepingwith their habits of salt intake. The control was so effective that it could be spread in suitable areas.